Degrees of comparison (Comparative degrees)

Do you know what the meaning of the following sentences are?,,

1. Nabila is beautiful.

2. Nabila is as beautiful as a celebrity.

3. Nabila is more beautiful than Talya.

4. Nabila is the most beautiful in her family.

5. Nabila can dance more beautifully than Talya.

6. Nabila dances the most beautifully of all.

I'm sure you will do after reading the explanation.

Let us start from its definition..  

A. Definition

The definition of Degrees of comparison is to compare an adjective or an adverb of two or more than two subjects (the doers). e.g.
You are smarter than me. The sentence compares the quality of adjective of the two subjects (the doers).
Alvin walks faster than aldy. The sentence compares the quality of verb (walk) of the two subjects (the doers) that Alvin can walk (faster) compared to Aldy.

Pengertian Degrees of Comparison (tingkatan perbandingan) adalah membandingkan kualitas sifat (adjective) atau kualitas pekerjaan (adverb) dari dua pelaku atau lebih. Misal:

Kamu lebih cerdas dari pada saya. Kalimat tersebut membandingkan dua pelaku dari segi kualitas kecerdasan pemikirannya.
Alvin berjalan lebih cepat daripada Aldy. Kalimat tersebut membandingkan kualitas pekerjaan (berjalan) dua pelaku dimana Alvin lebih cepat (faster) daripada Aldy.

B. Kinds of Degrees of comparison

There are three Degrees of Comparison in English. They are:

1. Positive degree.

2. Comparative degree. and

3. Superlative degree.

Let us see all of them in details.

 Macam-Macam Degree of Comparison;

Adjective degrees / Comparison of Adjective atau disebut juga Degrees of comparison (tingkatan perbandingan) adalah salah satu grammar bahasa Inggris yang sering kali digunakan baik tulisan (written English) maupun percakapan (spoken English). Materi Adjective degrees ini masuk dalam kategori adverbial dan adjectives karena menggunakan kedua element tersebut untuk membuat sebuah kalimat adjective degrees. Jika kamu ingin benar-benar menguasai bahasa Inggris, maka salah satu grammar yang wajib kamu kuasai adalah materi ini. Nah, pada sesi ini akan dijelaskan apa itu adjective degrees, jenis-jenisnya, aturan mainnya serta contohnya dalam kalimat.

Degrees of comparison dalam bahasa Inggris dibagi menjadi 3 jenis tingkatan yaitu;
1. Tingkatan Positive (sepadan),
2. Tingkatan Comparative (perbandingan) dan
3. Tingkatan Superlative (paling).

1.Positive degree
When we speak about only one person or thing, We use the Positive degree.

Positive degree digunakan ketika kita hanya mrmbicarakan/membahas satu orang atau satu benda saja.
Examples/contoh:
• This house isn't very big.
In this sentence only one noun “The house" is talked about.
• Roben is a tall student.
• This flower is beautiful.
• He is an intelligent boy.
Each sentence mentioned above talks about only one noun.

Setiap kalimat diatas hanya menyebutkan satu kata benda saja.

2.Comparative degree.
When we compare two persons or two things with each other,
We use both the Positive degree and Comparative degree.

Comparative adalah membandingkan dua atau lebih orang atau sesuatu yang mempunyai kualitas kerja atau sifat yang tidak sama, dimana salah satunya lebih jika dibanding yang lainnya.
Examle/Contoh:

• Aldo is fatter than me (adjective)
• Gary plays the guitar as well Ghazy  (adverb)
• Lucy is as pretty as Cindy (Adjective)
• Alvin walks as fast as Adam (adverb)
• his house is bigger than that one. (Comparative degree)
• This house is not as big as that one. (Positive degree)

3. Superlative degree
To compare one or thing with another one, thing or group.

Superlative untuk membandingkan seseorang atau sesuatu dengan group atau kelompoknya.
Examples/contoh:
– I am the most handsome in Gembiraloka zoo (adjective)
– Captain America runs the slowest super hero I ever see (adverb)

C. Rules

Few adjectives and adverbs get their Comparative forms by simply getting “more" before them.

And their superlative terms, by getting “most" before them.

Examples:

Beautiful..........more beautiful..........most beautiful

Effective……….more effective………most effective

Effectively………more effectively……….most effectively

Enjoyable………….more enjoyable……….most enjoyable

Useful……………….more useful………..most useful

Different………..more different…………most different

Honest………..more honest…………..most honest

Qualified…………more qualified…………most qualified

Few adjectives and adverbs get their Comparative forms by simply getting “er" after them and their superlative terms, by getting “est" after them.

Examples:

Hard……………..harder……………..hardest

Big……………….bigger…………….biggest

Tall……………..taller……………tallest

Long………………longer………………longest

Short……………..shorter……………….shortest

Costly…………………costlier……………costliest

Simple………………….simpler………….simplest

Degrees of Comparison add beauty and varieties to the sentences.

Peraturan Degrees of Comparison
Penggunaan comparative dan superlative tergantung dari jumlah suku kata adjective-nya (kata sifatnya). e.g: Tall (1 suku kata), Famous (2 suku kata), Beautiful (3 suku kata)
1 suku kata: tinggal nambahi -est/-er di belakangnya.
Contoh: I am slimmer than you. My father is the shortest in my family.
2 suku kata. Ada yang menggunakan more ada yang menggunakan -er untuk comparative. Untuk superlative ada yang menggunakan -est ada yang menggunakan most.
Contoh: Sule is more famous than Tukul now atau boleh juga Sule is cleverer than Andre; Gladya is the cleverest/most clever among her friends.
3 atau lebih. Musti wajibun bin kudu pake Most dan More.
Contoh: She is the most beautiful girl I've ever met.
Pengecualian:
beberapa kata sifat dalam comparative dan superlative akan mengalami pen-double-an huruf terakhir. seperti: big>bigger dan biggest; hot> hotter dan hottest.
Kalau kata sifat diakhiri dengan huruf “y”, maka diganti dengan “i”. Seperti: Happy>Happiest dan Happier
Pengecualian alias khusus kata-kata di bawah ini perubahannya adalah sebagai berikut:
Bad   > Worse > Worst. I am the best untuk penjelasan lengkap tentang degree of comparison dan contoh kalimatnya
Good > Better > Best
Little > Less   > Least
Much > More > Most

D. Examples in the sentences

Contoh dalam Kalimat
1. Superlative
The blue whale was the biggest mammal in the sea (Paus biru merupakan mamalia terbesar di laut)
For me you are the most beautiful girl I have ever met (Bagiku kamu adalah gadis tercantik yang pernah ku temui).
I will do my best to help you (Aku akan melakukan yang terbaik untuk membantumu)
Our company delivers the fastest of your goods (Perusahaan kami mengantar Anda yang paling cepat).
You must try the most spiciest condiment in this restaurant (Kamu harus coba sambal yang paling pedas di restoran ini)
2. Comparative
Your car is bigger than mine (mobilmu lebih besar dari mobilku)
She can dive deeper than me (dia bisa menyelam lebih dalam daripada aku)
I am smarter than you (aku lebih pintar daripada kamu)
She drives better than me (dia menyetir dengan lebih baik daripada aku)
Jack can climb the cliff higher than the others (Jack bisa memanjat tebing itu lebih tinggi daripada yang lain)
3. Positive
You cry as loud as my baby (kamu menangis sekeras bayiku).
I am not as handsome as my father (aku tidak seganteng ayahku).
Your smile is as sweet as honey (senyummu semanis madu).
She works as hard as her manager (dia bekerja sekeras managernya).
Life is not as simple as you think (hidup itu tidak sesederhana yang kamu pikirkan)

I thank you for reading it.